Classification And Application Analysis Of Polyurethane Thickeners
May 22, 2025
As a key additive in coatings, inks and daily chemicals, polyurethane thickeners have continued to grow in demand in the industrial field in recent years. Its unique rheological regulation properties make it a core component for optimizing product texture. This article will analyze the main classification of polyurethane thickeners from the perspective of chemical structure and explore different types of application scenarios.
Non-ionic polyurethane thickeners are the mainstream choice in non-polar systems. This type of thickener thickens by hydrogen bonding between hydrophobic groups and polymer chains, and is suitable for solvent-based and water-based systems. Its advantage is that it is insensitive to pH and electrolytes and is stable in automotive coatings and industrial protective coatings. Some high-end products also have antimicrobial properties, which can extend the shelf life of the product.
Anionic polyurethane thickeners are better at water-based formulations. By introducing carboxylic acid groups, this type of thickener forms expanded micelles under alkaline conditions, significantly increasing the viscosity of the system. Architectural coatings and textile printing pastes are its typical application areas. It is worth noting that anionic products are sensitive to calcium ions and need to be used with dispersants in hard water environments.
Cationic polyurethane thickeners are a relatively niche but highly professional branch. Their quaternary ammonium salt structure gives them excellent bactericidal properties, and they have a place in personal care products and disinfectants. The newly developed hyperbranched cationic thickeners have achieved efficient thickening effects at low dosages.
Hybrid polyurethane thickeners take into account multiple performance requirements by combining molecular structures of different charge types. This type of product has outstanding performance in the field of latex paints, and can adapt to complex formulation systems while providing good thixotropy. Some products also integrate leveling agent functions to simplify the formulation design process.
As environmental regulations become stricter, low-VOC (volatile organic compound) polyurethane thickeners have become a research and development hotspot. By introducing bio-based raw materials and optimizing synthesis processes, a new generation of products is playing an important role in the greening of coatings. In the future, with the penetration of nanotechnology, polyurethane thickeners are expected to open up new application scenarios in the field of smart fluids.
